The result is an outline structure that is harder to edit in plain text form, like this, but is much easier to edit with an outline-oriented editor. Such an editor would allow the writer to focus on the structure of the article, leaving layout until much later in the process.
In such an editor, the article fragment would look something like this:. Note - The code discussed in this section is in article1a. We will get into the detailed reasons for that entry later in this section. The default value is xml. You will start filling in the stylesheet by processing the elements that go into creating a table of contents: the root element, the title element, and headings.
You will also process the PARA element defined in the test document. Note - If on first reading you skipped the section that discusses the XPath addressing mechanisms, How XPath Works , now is a good time to go back and review that section.
The new XSL commands are shown in bold. Note that they are defined in the xsl namespace. In this case, the current node is the root node. Despite its simplicity, this example illustrates a number of important ideas, so it is worth understanding thoroughly.
Each template contains a match attribute, which uses the XPath addressing mechanisms described in How XPath Works to select the elements that the template will be applied to. Within the template, tags that do not start with the xsl: namespace prefix are simply copied. The newlines and whitespace that follow them are also copied, and that helps to make the resulting output readable.
Note - When a newline is not present, whitespace is generally ignored. Basically, an XSLT stylesheet expects to process tags. In this case, the apply-templates tag ensures that if the title contains any inline tags such as italics, links, or underlining, they also will be processed. More importantly, the apply-templates instruction causes the text of the title to be processed.
Like the DOM data model, the XSLT data model is based on the concept of text nodes contained in element nodes which, in turn, can be contained in other element nodes, and so on. That hierarchical structure constitutes the source tree. There is also a result tree, which contains the output. XSLT works by transforming the source tree into the result tree. To visualize the result of XSLT operations, it is helpful to understand the structure of those trees, and their contents.
To continue processing the basic structure elements, add a template to process the top-level headings:. Here, you specify the path to the topmost SECT elements. But this time, you apply templates in two stages using the select attribute. For the first stage, you select text nodes, as well as inline tags such as bold and italics, using the XPath text function.
The vertical pipe is used to match multiple items: text or a bold tag or an italics tag, etc. In the second stage, you select the other structure elements contained in the file, for sections, paragraphs, lists, and notes. In general, using the select clause lets you apply all templates to a subset of the information available in the current context. As another example, this template selects all attributes of the current node:.
Next, add the virtually identical template to process subheadings that are nested one level deeper:. You could add templates for deeper headings, too, but at some point you must stop, if only because HTML goes down only to five levels.
For this example, you will stop at two levels of section headings. But if the XML input happens to contain a third level, you will want to deliver an error message to the user. This section shows you how to do that.
But instead we will take the opportunity to play with messaging. Add the following template to generate an error when a section is encountered that is nested too deep:. Without it, processing could still go on, with everything in that section being ignored. Generate an error on any section nested five levels deep. Note - The code discussed in this section is in Stylizer. The result is stylizer1a.
The main differences between the two programs are described below. Thai characters are not displaying in PDF properly.. Instead Thai characters, it is showing in PDF. Your email address will not be published. Save my name, email, and site URL in my browser for next time I post a comment. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed. In case of web application if you want to provide PDF as a download you need to add few extra lines.
Just read the post till end! I am getting the exception: Please help me Exception in thread "main" java. You should download the xmlGraphic. Look which edition your fop. Thanks for putting this article up. Extremely interesting! Much obliged additionally to share the blog. There are many ways to manipulate pdf files, including convert pdf to image , extracting PDF text, images, merging multiple pages of pdf, from XML to pdf,etc.
When i am trying to access it dynamically through web. I could not able to access the child elements. ValidationException: First element must be the fo:root formatting object. Seeing the error looks like you have copied XML at the location where you needed to have the xsl.
I want the PDF to be created in the server as byte stream and send it to front end as an api response. Basically dont want to save in the server machine. Is that possible with this. Needed jars found in the lib and build directory in the fop download - Commons-io Commons-logging Xml-apis Xmlgraphics-commons Fop Batik-all Avalon-framework If you want to add maven dependency for Apache FOP then it is as following.
Posted by Anshudeep. Anonymous December 30, at PM. It is a Java application that reads a formatting object tree and turns it into a PDF document or allows you to preview it directly on screen.
Generating a PDF file is a two-step process. First, you build an intermediate. Author Note: Before you can run the sample code you need to put the Xalan, Xerces, fop, w3c. Site Logo. Search Submit. Sponsored Research Editorial Research. DevX: Java Zone.
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