Later, he killed his mother as he grew tired of her constant efforts to dominate him and control the Empire. He morphed into a grotesque tyrant. Nero murdered any senator who opposed him. His personal life was bizarre, and he married one of his male slaves.
Nero was passionate about the games, and he personally participated in the Olympic games in Greece. He at first performed his work in private but then publicly performed his work in Greece. Nero also acted on the stage. This scandalized the Roman elite, who considered actors to be a little better than prostitutes. The sight of Nero acting was appalling to them. Nero was also paranoid about plots, and he killed anyone he suspected of being a threat.
While Nero was very unpopular with the elites, he was popular with the poor. He reformed the judicial and taxation system and made it fairer. Nero also built gymnasiums and baths in Rome that were open to ordinary Romans.
The population of Rome and elsewhere in the Empire revered the Emperor and saw him as their protector. Nero was also a lavish builder, and some sources say that he left the treasury bankrupt. In contrast, others argued that his spending was part of an economic policy to revive a stagnant economy.
In 66 AD, a great fire destroyed much of Rome. It may have been accidental or arson. Elites blamed Nero for the fire, and he was accused of clearing Rome for his building projects. By 68 AD, Nero had begun to raise taxes, and there were many reports of growing discontent among the elite. While in the east, a major Jewish Revolt and the Romans were expelled from much of Judea. In Spain, Galba and the Spanish legions revolted. This revolted was welcomed by the elites in Rome. However, he had alienated the elite, and he was quickly abandoned.
Nero was forced to flee with some of the slaves but later committed suicide. He ordered one of his slaves to cut his throat. His low tax policy, combined with his lavish spending, had led to an economic recession. He had also alienated the elites in Rome and elsewhere. He had also failed to provide a strong government, as is evident in the revolt of Vindex in Gaul and the Jewish Revolt.
In the aftermath of his death, unlike that of his unstable uncle Caligula, there was no living male member of the Julian-Claudian line. The Julian-Claudian family had killed many of their relatives, and after the death of Nero, who had no sons, there was no legitimate claimant to the throne. This left the army as the power broker, and in the year after Nero's deaths, legions fought each other for control of the Empire. Vespasian emerged as the victor and established the Flavian dynasty.
Nero ended the Julian-Claudian dynasty. His death left a power vacuum that destabilized the Empire and led to competing generals fighting a series of civil wars. The year 69 AD was important as it showed that the army could both make and unmake an emperor.
Moreover, Nero executed many people among whom were numerous conspirators, who wanted to assassinate the emperor for his extravagant way of reign.
Agrippina the Younger was the daughter of Agrippina the Elder and the great-granddaughter of Emperor Augustus. One of the most notable for cruelty and insanity emperors Caligula , who reigned from 37 AD until 41 AD, died from multiple stab wounds made by his own Praetorian Guard on the Palatine Hill.
Agrippina persuaded Claudius to adopt Nero. Her plan was to make Nero the next emperor and rule the empire by having an influence on his decisions.
At the age of 16, Nero married daughter of Claudius, Claudia Octavia. At the same period of time, he gave several speeches about various communities including the Ilians, the Apameans, asking for a five-year tax delay after an earthquake.
Also, about the northern colony of Bologna since their settlement suffered a destructive fire. Emperor Claudius died in 54 AD. According to the historical facts, he was poisoned by his wife Agrippina. Before the realization of her plan, she put all efforts to replace the guard officers with men loyal to her. Consequently, Nero became a new ruler of the empire without incident. He became an emperor at the age of 16, which made him the youngest sole emperor until Elagabalus, who became a ruler of the empire when he was 14 in AD.
When Nero was proclaimed Pharaoh of Egypt, he adopted the titulary Autokrator Neron Heqaheqau Meryasetptah Tjemaahuikhasut Wernakhtubaqet Heqaheqau Setepennemu Merur , which means Emperor Nero, Ruler of rulers, chosen by Ptah, beloved of Isis, the sturdy-armed one who struck the foreign lands, victorious for Egypt, ruler of rulers, chosen of Nun who loves him.
At the beginning of his leadership, Nero promised to follow the Augustan model in his principate, remove all treasury trials of Tiberius , finish the corruption and to respect the privileges of the Senate and individual Senators. Agrippina wanted to rule through her son and she murdered political rivals. In addition, one of the first coins issued by Nero was with the depiction of Agrippina.
Most people welcomed new emperor during first period of his reign, so his first part of leadership was considered as a mini-golden age. Nero organized lavish games, plays, concerts, gladiator battles and taxes were reduced, so populace considered him to be generous and smart.
Agrippina was overly protective mother, who wanted to be the true force behind her son. She even managed to spread her influence to others. However, Nero did not really like the way his mother pushes on him and moved her out of the palace.
In 65 A. Nero's artistic inclinations, present since his accession, became truly public, and in a display which shocked conservative tastes he appeared on stage and sang for audiences.
His enemies had become numerous, and that same year a plot to assassinate Nero and to replace him with Gaius Calpurnius Piso was both formulated and betrayed; among those forced to commit suicide in connection with the Pisonian conspiracy were Seneca, Lucan, Petronius, and Tigellinus' colleague in the prefecture his replacement, Nymphidius , was to be influential in the accession of Galba three years later.
Poppaea died in 66 A. More crucially, in his paranoia after the conspiracy he ordered a popular and successful general, Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo, to commit suicide, a decision which left other provincial leaders in doubt about his next move and inclined toward rebellion rather than inaction. In 68 A. Vindex revolted in Lugdunensis, as did Clodius Macer in Africa. Galba declared his allegiance to the Senate and the Roman people, rather than to Nero.
Such unrest in the provinces, coupled with intrigue at Rome among the praetorians orchestrated at least in part by Nymphidius , provided Nero's enemies, especially within the Senate, with their chance to depose him.
He committed suicide on 9 June 68 A. Nero, last of the Julio-Claudians, had been placed in the difficult position of absolute authority at a young age coupled with the often-contradictory efforts of those in a position to manipulate him.
Augustus, however, had not been much older when he began his bid for power, and so a great deal of the responsibility for Nero's conduct must also rest with the man himself. Nero's reign was not without military operations e.
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